Generative AI in Mediation: Ethical Considerations
by Andrew Flake
The pace of development of GenAI, powered by vast amounts of energy and chips specially configured to support the huge amounts of data they analyze, has been astounding. These technologies are already reshaping the way dispute resolution professionals approach dispute resolution, offering new potential...
Notes from Berlin: U.S. Hospitality in International Arbitration
by Andrew Flake
I had the opportunity to join colleagues last week at the excellent Berlin Dispute Resolution Days, an annual week of dispute-resolution programming put on by the German Ministry of Justice and the German Arbitration Institute (DIS).
I was...
Georgia Court of Appeals Takes a Pass on “Functus Officio” as State Common Law
by Andrew Flake
A neighbor of mine, who loves to cook, recently showed me what looked like a small handheld blowtorch. He clicked a trigger, firing up a flame like a tiny jet engine, and proudly sharing that he could now melt and caramelize sugar, in order...
No Sovereign Immunity in Nigerian Trade Zone Dispute; D.C. Circuit Affirms New York Convention Applies to Broad Range of Investor-State Arbitral Awards
by Andrew Flake
When does a foreign government, under its commerce-related treaties, move from acting as a sovereign to acting as a business partner in a deal, thereby submitting to arbitration of claims by private parties involved in the deal?
Another Lock Sealed: Second Circuit Applies ZF Automotive to Foreclose Section 1782 Discovery in ICSID Arbitration
by Andrew Flake
In an earlier post on the ZF Automotive decision, I projected that there was some "play in the joints" for arguing over whether certain tribunals would be considered "foreign or international, but that "for now, we know private commercial arbitration — and even...
Safely Navigating Blind Spots in Litigation: Using Powerful Questions
by Andrew Flake
Over the past few weeks, I've been giving up a large measure of control, embracing the process of change in a fluid, highly-unpredictable, and high-stakes environment: Yes, I've been teaching my teenager to drive. And one of the first scenarios we went through was...
Georgia Court of Appeals Considers “Conduct-Based Waiver” of the Right to Arbitrate
by Andrew Flake
Clash of the forums: Two parties to a contract, an arbitration clause, and a dispute over the breadth of the clause. When the plaintiff files its complaint in court, intending to move forward with litigation, the defendant counters with a motion to compel arbitration.
Mediation Math — The Power of Combinations
by Andrew Flake
As mediators, we often find ourselves at the intersection of complex disputes and seemingly irreconcilable positions. But what if I told you that one of the keys to unlocking creative settlements lies in a simple middle school math concept – combinations? Both of my...
Sixth Circuit Revisits “Closely Related” Doctrine in Forum Selection Disputes
by Andrew Flake
For commercial parties entering into a contract, the opportunity to select where a dispute will be heard is an advantage. Thus it is, in a contract entered into before a dispute arises, we have forum-selection clauses in favor of a particular location and court,...
Generative AI and the Promise of Wider Online Dispute Resolution
by Andrew Flake
Since I took a first look ChatGPT in November 2022, the world of generative AI, in the area of litigation and ADR as elsewhere, has been on a remarkable journey. Recognizing the transformative nature of...
Card Not Valid: Badgerow and Post-Award FAA Jurisdiction
by Andrew Flake
I recently discovered, with some surprise, that it was again time to renew my library card -- and that I'd need to trek down in person! Imagine, in this era of online convenience... At about the same...
More Than One Way to Loosen the Knot: The Power of Options in Mediation
by Andrew Flake
I have blinds on my office window and one morning not long ago, I noticed a knot, really a tangle, that seemed much larger than I remembered. I decided to untie it, and after a painstaking length of...
The Forest and the Trees: Drafting The Optimal Arbitration Clause
by Andrew Flake
I participated recently in a discussion on alternative dispute resolution in IP disputes -- mediating and arbitrating trademark and patent infringement cases, and particular challenges that can arise. One of the topics we took up, which...
When Tech Meets Tact: Envisioning the Mediation of the Future
by Andrew Flake
It was New Year's Day last year when I first wrote about ChatGPT and the advent of widely-available AI. Since then, even for a time when intertwined technology and new advances are a commonplace, things have...
The Lawyer’s Creed and Successful Mediation: Some Holiday Reflections
by Andrew Flake
It's 11:50 p.m. You're preparing to hit send on an email to opposing counsel, a lengthy and powerful epistle that will surely send them scrambling. Suddenly, you feel a chill. A wind whistles through your office. Was...
Management and Process in the Mass Arbitration: From Concepcion and Beyond
by Andrew Flake
It was this very week, in November 2020, that counsel argued AT&T Mobility LLC v. Concepcion, a case that, when decided the following year, would end up refashioning the management and resolution of collective disputes in...
The View from Overhead: Garage Doors, Trademark, and Crafting Our Settlements, Part II
by Andrew Flake
An expensive piece of business litigation, particularly in the IP world and with companies interacting on an ongoing basis, always provides us some useful reflection. In our last post, we looked at a protracted piece of...
The View from Overhead: Garage Doors, Trademark, and Crafting Our Settlements, Part I
by Andrew Flake
What's in a name? In the world of garage doors, apparently quite a bit. For this week's blog, we examine a protracted piece of litigation between two national garage-door companies that itself spawned further litigation. The case is interesting...
Moving the Conversation Forward: Early Mediation and EDR
by Andrew Flake
We take for granted that mediation is an available option for our cases. Mediation, at least the concept of a trained neutral retained to work with the parties to bridge differences and resolve disputes outside of litigation, is...
The Hourglass and the Ocean: Making Time for Resolution
by Andrew Flake
In the litigation practice, we deal in time. Schedules, deadlines, fees and invoicing -- they are all ways to divide and parcel out a scarce resource. I have an hourglass in my office I received as a...
Cards, Cookies, and the Supreme Court’s Coinbase v. Bielski Opinion: Mandatory Stay Now Required on Appeal of Denied Motion to Compel
by Andrew Flake
Summer is beach season, and when my family travels, we'll usually bring a few decks of cards with us. When my children were younger, that meant we played a lot of "War." You know the game --...
The Best Time to Plant A Tree: Litigation Prevention and the Contract
by Andrew Flake
You may have heard the proverb along that the best time to plant a tree "is 20 years ago." It makes us pause and consider that in so many instances, we're taking small actions today with benefits...
Changing the House Odds: Certainty and the Mediation Process
by Andrew Flake
I was in Las Vegas last week, at Caesar's Palace, for a meeting of the ABA's Dispute Resolution section, an annual gathering of mediators, arbitrators, and other dispute-resolution professionals to compare notes on best practices and to take...
Alohomora! Unlocking the Secrets of Successful Mediation
by Andrew Flake
I've enjoyed the Harry Potter books and then movies as they've come out over the years. They're filled with clever details and creative touches, like portraits that move and interact with the viewers (I suspect there...
And Enjoy Your New Yacht: Staying True to Course, Eleventh Circuit Reaffirms Limits of “Exceeding Powers” Arbitration Award Vacatur
by Andrew Flake
For a family vacation last week, we spent time in the Caribbean, with its sweeping vistas of sky and ocean, and ships large and small catching trade winds in their sails. Naturally, when I came across a...
Is Arbitration “Just Like” Litigation? Some Challenges to Conventional Wisdom
by Andrew Flake
I will occasionally hear, including from some very seasoned litigators and trial lawyers, that arbitration is “just like” litigation. Is that really true? I suppose, In the sense that they are both proceedings that...
Stops along the Way: When the Mediation Discussion Makes Sense
by Andrew Flake
More than ever, with case dockets overloaded, our trial judges welcome counsel's willingness to mediate. Indeed, much more frequently, I see them ordering parties to mediate, and doing so earlier in the litigation process, as part...
Abogados and Avocados: Section 1782 Nets Early Access to Corporate Records in Mexican Litigation
by Andrew Flake
Reminding us of why 28 U.S.C. Section 1782 matters in cross-border litigation, the Eleventh Circuit in a just-published decision affirmed the validity of subpoenas directed at a U.S. company for records, not of the U.S. company, but of...
A Utility Player at Trial: The Humble Inference
by Andrew Flake
This week, we hold up for praise...the inference. Unassuming and hardworking, inferences reward more careful attention than we give them. The careful reader will recall, for example, that last week's Eleventh Circuit case turned on an inference --...
11th Circuit Uses Trademark Case to Instruct on Summary Judgment Practice
by Andrew Flake
In a trademark case decided just this month, FCOA, LLC v. Foremost Title & Escrow Services LLC, the Eleventh Circuit considered when a case should be decided without a trial, looking at the special case in which...
Chat GPT and Litigation Technology, Reprised
by Andrew Flake
When I considered ChatGPT in last week's post, musing about how disruptive this next generation of AI might be for the world of litigation and dispute resolution, I may have understated the...
2023: The Arrival of Hands-On AI
by Andrew Flake
You may have read that, at the close of the year, artificial intelligence (AI) hit the mainstream. Open AI released a tool, ChatGPT, with some remarkable capabilities. Among other things, it can generate poetry, essays,...
Utilizing the Special Master
by Andrew Flake
We've read recently, in the highly-charged political context of a dispute between the national records administration and the former president, of the role a special master has played. Because how the court-appointed experts fit into litigation is...
“Flora-Bama,” “Floribama,” and a Comparative Look at ADR
by Andrew Flake
You read certain appellate opinions and just know they were fun to write, and so it is with a trademark dispute, simmering over the past five years, involving a famous bar and an MTV reality television series...
Early Dispute Resolution (EDR): A Recipe for Success in Commercial Mediation
by Andrew Flake
When it comes to our favorite dishes, while we may not ourselves be chefs, most of us can at least name the key ingredients. A great sirloin is cut just so, perhaps seasoned with salt and pepper...
An Idea Whose Time Has Come? Considering the Role of Settlement Counsel
by Andrew Flake
Invited to an extended family reunion, I visited one of our state parks a few weekends ago. It was a cool and beautiful morning, and for a moment, standing under a bright blue fall sky, taking in the...
Under New York Convention, Separate Service of Summons not Required to Confirm Award
by Andrew Flake
Certain cases can be useful because of their technical guidance; they address nuts-and-bolts issues. In the international arbitration realm, one of those issues is the process of taking an arbitration award and getting it confirmed, or converted...
The Availability of an “Exceeding Powers” Challenge to the International Arbitration Award: 11th Circuit to Revisit Longstanding Precedent
by Andrew Flake
One of the questions that continues to come up in international arbitrations, where they touch U.S. courts, is how Sections 1 and 2 of the Federal Arbitration Act work together. Generally, Section 1 applies to domestic arbitrations -- ones between...
“Never Put Off Until Tomorrow…” The Importance of the Signed Mediation Agreement
by Andrew Flake
I spent a full day recently in virtual mediation. The case was a challenging IP dispute, one with a contentious and emotional history behind it, and even when schedules demanded concluding the full session, counsel and I...
58 years is a good run: In ZF-Automotive, the Supreme Court Curtails Discovery Options for International Arbitration
by Andrew Flake
Visiting for a close friend's wedding, I had a chance this weekend to walk around the beautiful mountain community of Black Mountain, North Carolina. There's a little pond there, "Lake Susan," fed by mountain springs, that a local told me...
AAA’s 2022 Arbitration Rule Revisions: Upgrades to the ADR Operating System
by Andrew Flake
Apple held its annual product launch this week, announcing a new iPhone and other updated products with the company's usual marketing panache. Less heralded, though perhaps more relevant to those of us in the...
On Appeal of FINRA Arbitration Award, Investors Out of Money and Out of Luck
by Andrew Flake
Especially on appeal, courts are selective about which facts to include in opinions. For reasons both of style and precedential value, they may omit facts, even ones the lawyers might consider crucial.
Poker, Peru, and Promptness in International Arbitration Challenges
by Andrew Flake
In discussing our litigated disputes, we will often borrow phrasing from the world of poker. And it is true that the game, with its mix of tactics in play and chance in the draw, invites some comparison:...
Control over Time in Business Mediation
by Andrew Flake
When we think about "successful" mediations, it is often about a financial bottom-line: what was demanded; what was paid; what potential jury verdict was avoided. The dollar-recovery can certainly be measured, and the trial exposure, especially...
Healthcare and Arbitration: Facility Admission Agreements and the Regulation of ADR
by Andrew Flake
A case that has made its way up and down the Georgia appellate circuit, CL SNF, LLC et al. v. Fountain, has landed on remand, with a reminder about arbitration clause enforceability: In heavily regulated areas, with...
Arbitration Clauses: Reconsidering the “Equitable” Relief Carveout
by Andrew Flake
When lawyers represent business clients in arbitration, they are often relying upon a contract, and an arbitration clause, they didn't draft themselves. That may be because they are assisting a first-time client. It may be because...
Supreme Court Roundup: A Slight Course Correction for the S.S. FAA?
by Andrew Flake
In sailing, to "tack" is to turn by making a series of small port-to-starboard moves, back and forth, into the wind. In looking at two very recent Supreme Court options dealing with arbitration, both issued within the past...
Mining for Bitcoin or Mining for Iron? Blockchain Applications in Arbitration
by Andrew Flake
It's been a rocky few weeks for Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, and a nervous time for their holders. But investing aside, the blockchain, which underpins Bitcoin, is a real and transformative technology, one with implications all...
The Emergence of Required Third-Party Funding Disclosure
by Andrew Flake
In a standing order entered this week, the Chief Judge of Delaware's federal District Court has required all parties in cases before him to disclose at least the existence of any third-party funding (3PF), along...
Making the Most of Our Online Mediations
by Andrew Flake
After a nearly ten-hour day on Zoom, even after concluding a great settlement, we're sometimes less than celebratory. The process can be intense, consuming a lot of focus and energy. It leaves us pretty exhausted....
Second Circuit: No Inherent Limit on Using Section 1782 Discovery Elsewhere
by Andrew Flake
We try to take advantage of great opportunities when they come along; if work takes us to Rome, and we have extra time, we might head to the Colosseum, take a stroll in...
How the (Chocolate) Gets Made: The Georgia Supreme Court’s “Edible Arrangements” Opinion
by Andrew Flake
As often as we hear about mediation and its benefits, and they are many, are there disputes that need to be decided in court, whether by judge or jury? Absolutely.
At a...
Groundhog Day Edition: Considering the Mediation Privilege
by Andrew Flake
When that oddest of special occasions rolled around this year, our U.S. Groundhog Day, I decided to incorporate the festivities into a post. What are some of the recurring issues are in mediation, things that...
Arbitration Update: Another Effort to Exorcise “Manifest Disregard”
by Andrew Flake
One of the classic conventions of the scary movie is a villain or monster's "last gasp," a frightening reappearance after what should have been an antagonist's definitive end. In the arbitration context, we have such...
Two Chief Justices, and Why Institutional Independence Matters
by Andrew Flake
Every year, Chief Justice John Roberts prepares a report on the state of the judiciary, frequently with interesting reference to American history. This year, his thematic focus was judicial independence, a topic for which he selected former U.S. President and...
ADR in the New Year: Seven Hopes, and A Partridge in a Pear Tree
by Andrew Flake
A busy lawyer friend grumbled to me recently, with just a hint of bah-humbug, that he hadn't had nearly enough time to answer all of his holiday mail and take down holiday decorations yet, much less...
Leapfrog Petition Granted: Key International Arbitration Question Back on for Supreme Court Decision
by Andrew Flake
Mere days after our last TAOR blog published, wistfully reviewing the dismissal of the Servotronics case, the Supreme Court has decided to take the question up again, this time in a new case involving a subsidiary...
Hot Cocoa Conversation: A Servotronics Update
by Andrew Flake
With the advent of the holiday season come festivities and family events. Inevitably, as you're contentedly sipping spiced eggnog or hot cocoa, also comes the question from your Uncle Milton: "So what is the deal? Can I...
Post-Award Filings in Arbitration: Eleventh Circuit Considers Timing Question of First Impression
by Andrew Flake
When an arbitration award comes down, if the winning party moves first to confirm it, the challenging party needs to respond directly, rather than simply moving to vacate. In an Eleventh Circuit case of first impression,...
A Foreign Litigant’s Multi-Tool: The ever-ready 28 U.S.C. Section 1782
by Andrew Flake
As someone who likes to be prepared, and who also appreciates a good gadget, I've always felt more comfortable knowing I have, stored away in some drawer somewhere, a sturdy Swiss-army knife. More recently, i"ve replaced it...
What Would Oliver Cromwell Do? My GAR Live Discussion on Challenging the Arbitrator
by Andrew Flake
I recently had a chance to serve, with some very distinguished colleagues, on a GAR Live panel. Along with our audience at the 10th Annual AtlAS conference, we assessed and discussed some intriguing scenarios...
The Cognitive Coffee Cup: Opening Argument in the Complex Commercial Trial
by Andrew Flake
In reviewing developments in week one of the Elizabeth Holmes/Theranos trial, a prosecution expected to last for over four months, I immediately thought of the preparation necessary on both sides to deliver their opening statements. Trials like...
Mediation and the Psychology of Money, Part II
by Andrew Flake
In a prior post, I reviewed a compact and very readable book from Wall Street Journal columnist Morgan Housel, whose thesis, supported by colorful...
Appellate Advocacy in the Zoom Era
by Andrew Flake
What has changed, in this time of virtual cat-filters and huge daily dollops of professional screen time, about good appellate advocacy? Instead of standing behind a podium, in a quiet and majestic appellate courtroom, ...
Assessing and Correcting for Implicit Bias
by Andrew Flake
Especially in recent months, ADR practitioners, as professional problem-solvers who constantly evaluate and decide business and legal questions, have been examining a phenomenon that impacts all of us: implicit bias. We have been thinking about it,...
“And If You Didn’t Hear Us the Last Time”: More Emphasis on Arbitral Award Finality
by Andrew Flake
A just-issued Georgia Court of Appeals opinion underscores a message the state's appellate courts have been sending for some time: Arbitration awards are not subject to automatic appeal. They are supposed to be, and are presumed...
Location, Location, Location: Forum-Selection in International Litigation
by Andrew Flake
I once spent a week arbitrating a technology dispute in Helsinki, Finland, walking through the city center to our hearing each day in gusting snow. We were there because the parties' contract specified a Finnish seat,...
Phased ADR Clauses, Redux
by Andrew Flake
Having discussed phased dispute resolution, a process in our contracts that moves from more informal modes of discussion to binding ones, like arbitration, let's add some caveats. These provisions are not off-the-rack suits, to be draped...
Human Nature and Mediation: A Focused Review of “The Psychology of Money”
by Andrew Flake
I always appreciate a good book recommendation, and received one the other week in The Psychology of Money: Timeless lessons on wealth, greed, and happiness. In a compact format, author Morgan Housel, a...
If Honeybees Could Mediate: Benefits of Phased Dispute Resolution
by Andrew Flake
I took a field trip last weekend, visiting the gardens of a friend and experienced beekeeper. During a tour of the grounds, I watched in fascination as she tended to honeybees in the hundreds of...
Delivering a Compelling Closing in the Complex Business Dispute
by Andrew Flake
In complex litigation, we are continually distilling the simple from the complex, assessing multiple and often nuanced legal arguments, assessing hundreds of exhibits, sifting through the details of company work. With...
The Halliburton Decision, Part II: Considering the Contours of Arbitrator Disclosure
by Andrew Flake
In a prior post, we looked at the lead up to the U.K. Supreme Court's Halliburton opinion, an important decision that enters the thicket of disclosure practices, and emerges having cleared an open path....
Dotting the i’s (and Sealing the Envelope) In Arbitration-Award Challenges
by Andrew Flake
The Federal Arbitration Act is oriented toward encouraging arbitration and upholding arbitral awards. And just as the substantive bases to challenge an award are narrow, so too are the procedural...
The Halliburton Decision: UK Supreme Court Incorporates International Best Practices for Arbitrator Disclosure
by Andrew Flake
As the use of international arbitration expands, so does the need for consistency in its rules and practices, and confidence in its ability to ensure absolute impartiality. That is so for both advocates and arbitrators. So...
ICDR 2021: The Role of the Tribunal Secretary
A new Article in the updated ICDR Rules introduces what for many common law lawyers and domestic arbitrators is a curious character: the tribunal secretary. A tribunal secretary, much more common in the realm of international arbitration, is a junior associate who assists the tribunal in limited, non-decisionmaking roles.
Supreme Court Grants Cert in Servotronics Dispute; Likely to Resolve Circuit Split On Key International Arbitration Question
by Andrew Flake
On March 22, the Supreme Court granted cert in the ongoing Servotronics litigation, presenting the likely opportunity for the justices to decide an ongoing and important important question for parties to international commercial arbitrations: whether or not...
ICDR 2021: Third-Party Funding Disclosure in Commercial Arbitration
by Andrew Flake
As the market for alternative litigation financing or third-party funding (TPF) of commercial disputes has matured, more parties to commercial disputes are regularly seeking discovery of underlying funding documents. Depending upon the theory...
Sweeping for Mines: The Injunctive Relief Carve-out in Arbitration
by Andrew Flake
The "injunctive relief" carve-out, which lies quietly in various forms in many arbitration agreements, is a too-often overlooked landmine. Its most frequent purpose, allowing parties to go to court for emergency relief while preserving their right to...
ICDR’s 2021 Rules Address Compétence-Compétence; Tension with New Restatement Continues
by Andrew Flake
The International Centre for Dispute Resolution (ICDR) has updated its rules for international mediation and arbitration, effective March 1, 2021. Because ICDR has a record of thoughtfully advancing...
“Absolutely Incensed”: A Foreign Law Twist on Equitable Estoppel in Arbitration
by Andrew Flake
A Ninth Circuit battle between two Indian incense makers over whether their case should be arbitrated has still not burned out. After one correction and remand from the U.S. Supreme Court, the Ninth Circuit considered...
What We Can Learn from the First All-Virtual Patent Jury Trial
by Andrew Flake
After a week-long patent infringement trial in federal district court in Seattle, a civil jury hit gaming company Valve Corporation with a $4 million verdict for patent infringement....
Mediation Principles for our National Conversation
Much of President Biden's inaugural address sounded historically resonant American themes of unity across differences. As I watched, I thought about the work ahead for not only Congress, but all of us. In attempting to forge consensus around policy and legislative solutions--to move...
When Does Documents-Only Arbitration Make Sense?
An underutilized dispute resolution process in U.S. commercial disputes is an arbitration conducted only on the exhibits, without a final oral hearing. Such a documents-only arbitral process, much more common internationally, resembles a summary judgment process more than it does a...
Repeat Player Bias in Arbitration: Snuffleupagus or Yeti?
The topic of arbitrator bias came up recently in two completely different settings -- one, a presentation by a law professor to a group of lawyers, and one, in a conversation with a non-lawyer friend, a scientist. In both...
Federal Court Hearings and Chill? Applause for More Live Streaming
The federal courts' policymaking body, the Judicial Conference of the United States, has just kicked off a pilot program in selected district courts to livestream the audio of certain court proceedings. Despite the concern expressed by some that a...
ROSS-Westlaw Copyright Feud: Approaches to Litigation Cost Management
What options does a smaller defendant have when a larger and better-funded competitor uses litigation as a means to exert financial pressure and drain resources? This scenario is one that legal AI company ROSS Intelligence, as a result of copyright litigation filed by...
Phoning It In: Telephonic Mediation in a Virtual World
A litigator friend of mine recently shared her frustration over being forced to mediate a case by phone. The mediation was being set up by a government agency, and the agency representative in question was not...
Uniform Mediation Act Still Trekking Through the States
The steadily rising costs of litigation, and the current backlog on civil dockets, have borne out what one of the most effective American trial lawyers of an earlier generation observed: that in...
A Promising Future for the Singapore Convention and Global Mediation
I was talking with a colleague from Australian recently, a barrister and frequent mediator, about what the coming years will bring for international dispute resolution, and for mediation in particular. We agreed that in more jurisdictions across the world, mediation will continue to gain wider...
How COVID-Era Technology is Driving Down the Litigation Cost Curve
In order to move cases forward during the pandemic, we have accelerated technology deployment in litigation, setting up major new efficiencies for litigants. These technologies were there in some form prior to today. But widespread acceptance was missing: in...
The Power of Theme: Epic Games Takes Aim at Apple
The lawsuit by Epic Games against Apple, challenging Apple’s strict controls on developers and the App Store’s percentage take from game revenue, shows the power of theme and coordinated message. When I read the first news accounts of the filing, they all referenced Apple’s market...
Second Circuit Reaffirms Its View on Section 1782 and Private International Arbitration
Sharpening a split with sister circuits, the Second Circuit has now affirmed its position that private arbitral bodies are not "tribunals" under 28 U.S.C. § 1782. For the time being, then, if your dispute is in international arbitration administered by an entity...
Maintaining Confidentiality in Arbitration
We often hear that arbitration affords a level of confidentiality that courtroom proceedings do not. While that is true to an extent, it requires some qualification: It is the parties who must, by agreement or request to...
Sour Chilean Grapes and Specific Performance of Contracts In International Arbitration
[caption id="" align="alignnone" width="774"] A winery investment dispute gives the Eleventh Circuit a chance to validate District Court powers in confirming arbitral awards.[/caption]
In the second of two cases considering Latin American arbitration arising under the Panama Convention, the Eleventh Circuit reminds us that arbitrators have the same...